First, I must give credit to both Cathy
Davidson and Dave
Cormier who were kind enough to openly share their
grading contracts to support other educators attempting this for the first
time. I definitely borrowed heavily from their example.
The class with which I am conducting my first
foray into contract grading is an online version of a National
Writing Project Summer Institute. The class is
organized as an asynchronous graduate class with the option to take the class
for six hours rather than three. The focus of the class, as of all NWP work, is
to improve the teaching of writing. We will write, on personal and professional
topics, and we will discuss and share our ideas about the teaching of writing.
My colleague Lee
Skallerup will join us as she wants to learn more about
NWP work.
I remain intrigued by the idea of using
contract grading for my more traditional classes, as I want all my classes to
be a learning community rather than a traditional class. However, the very
nature of an NWP SI is to be a learning community and years of experience
participating in more traditional SI’s has prepared me to make this class my
first foray into contract grading. As my students are teachers (or soon to be
teachers) then I hope they will enter into our experiment with the proper
spirit. I know this is going to be a great learning experience for me and hopefully for them.
I am interested by the increased
opportunity for student success offered by
contract grading and I am even more interested about the ways I can use
contract grading and peer evaluation to foster self-regulation and self-directed
learning in the way that Cathy Davidson argues for flipping or rather cartwheeling
our classrooms. I will write more about this experiment/experience
in the coming weeks but for now I will simply share my first grading contract
and await feedback:
Contract
Grading + Peer Evaluation: Explanation and Contract
This class is an experiment in collective thinking, leadership,
and project management. The intent is to create a workshop (as
opposed to classroom) experience where we explore, learn, and grow together
while providing a safe place to experiment with our writing, thinking, and
teaching as each student takes responsibility for individual and collective
work. I want this to be a student-centered experience where you choose what your learning experience will be like, and make
it fit your context and priorities.
Contract Grading is designed to change the power dynamic of the
classroom. The instructor is still the ‘content expert’, but you are the one
who knows how much time you have to devote to this course, and what you’d
ideally like to get out of it. The contract lays out what ‘acceptable success’
looks like and then you get to make choices about whether you are willing to do
the work to earn a grade deemed ‘excellent’. The contract focuses on your
effort rather than on attempting to measure or quantify your learning. The peer
evaluation provides support for your efforts in this class as well as helping
you develop the necessary self-regulation to continue your growth and
development after the class ends. This course aims for encouraging self-valued,
lifelong learning.
This is my first time engaging in contract
learning as an instructor, so there is a learning curve for me as well as well
as for you, but if we work together I believe this can be a positive experience
for us all.
Evaluation Method:
You determine your grade for this course by fulfilling a contract
that spells out in advance the requirements for fulfilling the terms of your
contract. Peer evaluation comes in when students charged with
leading for the week assess (Satisfactory or Unsatisfactory) how well their
classmates fulfill their obligations to the class through reflection,
discussion, and feedback. Peer leaders will work with the other students in the
class, giving feedback to each student and working to achieve an S grade.
If the student fails to submit an assignment or does not
submit a satisfactory revision after being given careful feedback, the peer
leader will record a U grade for that assignment. (The same method
will work on assignments graded by the professor.) Every student will be in a
position of peer-grader (working with two or three students at a time) one week
during this class and will report these evaluations using a document viewable
by the entire class. Learning together and giving and receiving feedback
is a subject we will discuss and practice.
Contract Grading:
The advantage of contract grading is that you, the student, decide
how much work you wish to do; if you complete that work on time and
satisfactorily, you will receive the grade for which you contracted. This
means planning ahead, thinking about all of your other obligations and
responsibilities and also determining what grade you want or need in this
course. The advantage of contract grading to the professor is no
whining, no special pleading, on the students’ part. If you complete the work
you contracted for, you get the grade. Done. I respect the student who only
needs a C, who has other obligations that preclude doing all of the
requirements to earn an A in the course, and who contracts for the C and
carries out the contract perfectly. (This is a major life skill:
taking responsibility for your own workflow.)
Grade Calculating:
By June 5 (our second day of class), each student will email the
instructor the contract (see below) for their chosen grade (or grades, contract
for Eng 609 follows the contract for 608). All requirements for each
grade are spelled out below.
There are only two grades for any assignment.
Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory. Satisfactory is full credit.
Unsatisfactory (poor quality, late, or not submitted) is no credit.
At the end of the course, we tally. If you fail to
do a contracted assignment or your peers do not deem your work satisfactory,
you will not receive credit for that assignment.
Peer leaders (details below) who are in charge for a week will
determine if the assignments posted during that week are satisfactory. If
not, they will give extensive and thoughtful feedback for improvement with the
aim of collaborating toward Satisfactory work. The goal is for
everyone to produce satisfactory work, and the peer leaders will work with students
to achieve that goal.
REQUIREMENTS FOR A GRADE OF A in ENG
608:
(1) READING AND DISCUSSION, includes reading instructor lecture
notes and required reading (book chapters, articles, etc.) as well as posting a
substantive reflective response (by Thursday) which reflects your individual
experience as well as the reading and making at least two responses to peer
posts (by Sunday). Discussion will take place on a designated Google doc in the
Reading and Discussion folder. Think of this as a collaborative research paper
we are creating about the weekly topic. These can, and should, be inspired by
and draw from your individual reflection journals but should not be simple
repetition. They should engage your classmates and inspire discussion.
(2) WEEKLY REFLECTION JOURNAL POST, 500-1000 words about your
views as a writer as well as a teacher in response to the class reading and
discussion as well as writing group activities for the week. Think of
this as an evolving research paper. It has the same importance and
weight and seriousness. You will create your journal as a Google
doc in the Reflection Journal folder and share it with the instructor and class
(simply adding a new post each week). You will receive public
feedback and responses from the instructor, any of the other students, and the
two or three students leading and assessing that week. Journal posts must
be completed by Sunday night but the work should be ongoing throughout the week
(with additions/changes after engaging in various class activities). All
students are required to read their classmates journals and are encouraged to
comment. Journal posts may simply be
reflections on yourself, your work, or your instructor’s or fellow learners’
ideas, but they should always be substantive, should use secondary
sources where appropriate, and can use video, sound, images, animation as well
as text. They are intended to share your learning and make contributions to
the field as well as give you the opportunity to wonder, question, challenge what
you have learned and what you want to learn as a writer and teacher.
(3) LITERACY NARRATIVE, 500-1000 words (polished personal
narrative) about your growth and development as a literate person including
details that shaped the reader and writer you are today. Discuss specific
events and people who had a powerful influence as well as your views about
yourself as a literate person. You will create your literacy narrative as a
Google doc in the appropriate Assignment folder and share it with the instructor
and class. You will receive public feedback from the instructor as
well some of the other students. All students are required to read their
classmates literacy narratives and are encouraged to comment.
(4) CREATIVE WRITING ACTIVITIES
- Starts, share at least six early drafts with class via the appropriate Writing Workshop folder in Google docs. These should be the result of a simple free write response to a prompt or an idea of your own. These should not be the result of a great deal of time (probably less than an hour). The intent is for you to get in the habit of writing to build your writing muscles. As a part of this process you must also pay it forward by reading your classmates writing prompt responses. You are encouraged to comment but keep these comments positive and encouraging as this work is very preliminary (ie. I would love to see you continue with this piece, your writing made me laugh, cry, etc.). Do let people know if a particular image, phrase, etc. is intriguing or ask questions (but what happened to the baby bluebird?).
- Drafts, continue to work on at least two selected early drafts (using the same Google doc so we can track your progress, simply drag it to the appropriate Writing Workshop folder). These do not need to be final, polished drafts when you first share them but they should be complete (even if some sections might be a bit thin). The intent is for you to have something that can be used in writing workshop to start/continue a conversation about writing. On the designated Google doc indicate your particular worries, struggles, and/or concerns for your drafts. Ask for feedback but give your peers some guidelines so it is more meaningful and helpful. As a part of this process you must also pay it forward by reading your classmates drafts and responding to their requests. Your feedback should not focus on surface-level issues (grammar, punctuation, spelling, etc.) but deeper writing issues. What is your response to this piece (emotionally, intellectually)? Provide the feedback your peers request but also put some serious thought into the strengths and weaknesses of the piece – help the writer play to their strengths! Give them advice that will help them develop, improve, and finally polish this piece. Learning to evaluate writing is key to becoming a good writer.
- Polished, experienced writers will tell you that no piece of writing is ever “done” but your goal here is to bring at least one piece of writing to a polished, complete form that you can proudly share/publish. Repeat the draft process (using the same Google doc so we can track your progress, simply drag it to the appropriate Writing Workshop folder) with one selected piece as necessary to move it toward that polished final draft.
(5) PROPOSAL, one-page description of an article you could
submit to a professional journal relevant to your current/future teaching
position. The proposed topic should have clear relevance and connection to
teaching writing in your current/future teaching position. Select a journal which
could publish such a piece and base your documentation style on that journal’s
editorial guidelines. You will create your proposal as a Google doc in the
appropriate Assignment folder and share it with the instructor and class.
You will receive public feedback from the instructor as well some
of the other students. All students are required to read their classmates
proposals and are encouraged to comment.
(6) ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY, working document that includes
at least six credible and focused peer-reviewed journal articles (including at
least two from your target publication) on the subject of your article. You can
include class-assigned reading on your list but these cannot count for any of
your six. You will create your annotated bibliography as a Google doc in the
appropriate Assignment folder and share it with the instructor and class.
You will receive public feedback from the instructor as well some
of the other students. All students are required to read their classmates
annotated bibliographies and are encouraged to comment. In addition, you are
encouraged to share sources. If your own research includes a source that might
be of interest to a classmate share it!
(7) ARTICLE, 10-12 page article (based on approved proposal) about
the teaching of writing. You will share your article as a Google doc in the
appropriate Assignment folder with the instructor and class. You
will receive public feedback from the instructor as well some of the other
students. All students are required to read their classmates articles and
are encouraged to comment.
(8) PHILOSOPHY OF TEACHING WRITING, 3-5 page paper (plus a
reference page) in which you reflect on the critical issues (in your opinion)
concerning the teaching of writing in your current/future teaching position.
You will share your philosophy as a Google doc in the appropriate Assignment
folder with the instructor and class. You will receive public
feedback from the instructor as well some of the other students. All students
are required to read their classmates philosophy statement and are encouraged
to comment.
(9) PEER LEADER, will act as peer leader with one or two
additional students to monitor student engagement in required activities. You
will be responsible for reading all contributions to the class discussion,
weekly reflection journals, and writing workshop for that week and offering
substantive feedback for each student then filing an S or U grade with the
instructor using the Peer Leader Evaluation document. If a student receives a U
in one or more of these areas then it is your responsibility to offer
constructive feedback and an opportunity for the student to turn that into a
Satisfactory piece of work.
CONTRACT: By agreeing to this contract for an A in
English 608, I agree to all of the terms above (satisfactory completion of
#1-9).
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
CONTACT FOR A GRADE OF B IN ENGLISH
608
I wish to earn a grade of B in English 608. To
fulfill my contract for a grade of B, I will complete satisfactorily #1, 2, 4,
5, 6, 7, and 9 above.
-------------------------------------------------
CONTACT FOR A GRADE OF C IN ENGLISH
608
I wish to earn a grade of C in English 608. To
fulfill my contract for a grade of C, I will complete satisfactorily #1, 2, 5,
6, 7, and 9 above.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REQUIREMENTS FOR A GRADE OF A in ENG
609:
(1) READING AND DISCUSSION REPORT I, teams of two or more will
prepare and share an overview and summary of the key points culled from our
weekly reading and discussion as well as reflection journals. The intent is to
create a public document (can be written as an article or blog post but could
also use some sort of digital presentation tool such as Wiki, Squidoo, Prezi)
that contributes to the knowledge of our field and then shared with a broader
audience. What was the prevailing theme/central idea of our work for that week
and what did we learn about it? These reports are intended to be an Open Educational Resource for
the Morehead Writing Project and the National Writing Project and will be
Tweeted using hashtags #ENG608 #MWPSI #NWP to connect with those audiences.
(2) READING AND DISCUSSION REPORT II, teams of two or more will
prepare and share an overview and summary of the key points culled from our
weekly reading and discussion as well as reflection journals. The intent is to
create a public document (can be written as an article or blog post but could
also use some sort of digital presentation tool such as Wiki, Squidoo, Prezi)
that contributes to the knowledge of our field and then shared with a broader
audience. What was the prevailing theme/central idea of our work for that week
and what did we learn about it? These reports are intended to be an Open Educational Resource for
the Morehead Writing Project and the National Writing Project and will be
Tweeted using hashtags #ENG608 #MWPSI #NWP to connect with those audiences.
(3) CREATIVE WRITING ACTIVITIES
- Starts, share at least six early drafts (in addition to those created
for 608) with class via Google docs by attaching to designated page. These
should be the result of a simple free write response to a prompt or an idea of
your own. These should not be the result of a great deal of time (probably less
than an hour). The intent is for you to get in the habit of writing to build
your writing muscles. As a part of this process you must also pay it forward by
reading your classmates writing prompt responses. You are encouraged to comment
but keep these comments positive and encouraging as this work is very
preliminary (ie. I would love to see you continue with this piece, your writing
made me laugh, cry, etc.). Do let people know if a particular image, phrase,
etc. is intriguing or ask questions (but what happened to the baby bluebird?).
- Drafts,
continue to work on at least two selected early drafts (in addition to
those created for 608) (using the same Google doc so we can track your
progress). These do not need to be final, polished drafts but they should
be complete (even if some sections might be a bit thin). The intent is for
you to have something that can be used in writing workshop to
start/continue a conversation about writing. On the designated Google doc
indicate your particular worries, struggles, and/or concerns for your
drafts. Ask for feedback but give your peers some guidelines so it is more
meaningful and helpful. As a part of this process you must also pay it
forward by reading your classmates drafts and responding to their
requests. Your feedback should not focus on surface-level issues (grammar,
punctuation, spelling, etc.) but deeper writing issues. What is your
response to this piece (emotionally, intellectually)? Provide the feedback
your peers request but also put some serious thought into the strengths
and weaknesses of the piece – help the writer play to their strengths!
Give them advice that will help them develop, improve, and finally polish
this piece.
- Polished,
experienced writers will tell you that no piece of writing is ever “done”
but your goal here is to bring at least one piece of writing to a
polished, complete form that you can proudly share/publish. Repeat
the draft process (using the same Google doc so we can track your
progress) with one selected piece (in addition to the one created for 608)
as necessary to move it toward that polished final
draft.
(4) ARTICLE, 20-24 page article (including page count for
608) about the teaching of writing. You will share your article in Google docs
with the instructor and class. You will receive public feedback
from the instructor as well some of the other students. All students are
required to read their classmates articles and are encouraged to comment.
CONTRACT: By agreeing to this contract for an A in
English 609, I agree to all of the terms above (satisfactory completion of
#1-4).
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
CONTACT FOR A GRADE OF B IN ENGLISH
609
I wish to earn a grade of B in English 609. To
fulfill my contract for a grade of B, I will complete satisfactorily #1, 2, and
4 above.
-------------------------------------------------
CONTACT FOR A GRADE OF C IN ENGLISH
609
I wish to earn a grade of C in English 609. To
fulfill my contract for a grade of C, I will complete satisfactorily #1 and 2
above.